During respiration a plant releases energy through chemical reactions. This results in the break down of sugar into oxygen, to carbon dioxide.
Respiration is basically the opposite of photosynthesis because it uses energy and photosynthesis stores energy. It uses food instead of producing food. It uses carbon dioxide instead of oxygen and it does not require light.
The previous answers could be misleading. During respiration (in plants and animals) energy is released from sugar (glucose) by a series of chemical reactions. The sugar is broken down into carbon dioxide and water in a process which uses oxygen, not into oxygen.
Respiration is the chemical opposite of photosynthesis because it releases energy, using up food and oxygen and producing carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis requires energy (light) and produces food, using up carbon dioxide and producing oxygen.Unfortunately, breathing and respiration often get confused. Respiration is the release of energy from food. Breathing is the process of obtaining oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, usually using lungs or gills. So in one sense plants don't breathe at all, although they do respire!
There are two types of Respiration:
>Aerobic Respiration
>Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic respiration is a process of cellular respiration that uses oxygen in order to break down molecules, which then release electrons and creating energy. In the process, aerobic respiration creates a substance known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This is responsible for storing and carrying most of the energy to other body cells, thus making life as we know it possible.Aerobic respiration takes place in almost all living things. It is easy to get rid of the Carbon Dioxide and excess water; this is excretion (the removal of the toxic waste products of metabolism), and maximum energy is released from the glucose. The other type of cellular respiration is known as anaerobic respiration.Further Explanation
When an animal eats food or when a plant makes its own energy through photosynthesis, that food is broken down into its most basic form of sugars. Those sugars are useless to the body in that form, however. Therefore, a process of releasing the sugars contained in the food is needed in order to be used as energy by a cell. While oxygen may not be needed at the beginning of this process, in aerobic respiration it will be needed so that the process can be completed.
There are two main byproducts of aerobic respiration. Because cellular structures are being changed with the transfer of electrons, there are chemical changes that go along with cellular respiration. The two main products coming from such respiration are water and carbon dioxide.
Aerobic respiration is often described as being broken down into three main stages, though depending on how detailed one wants to get, there could be many more. The first major stage is called glycolysis. It is at this point ATP is created, as are carbon molecules, called pyruvate or pyruvic acid, and some molecules known as NADH.
The second stage is known as Kreb's cycle. This takes some of the carbon not used in the first stage and puts them through another series of complex chemical reactions, creating more NADH and molecules known as FADH2. The third step is a process known as electron transport phosphorylation. This creates even more ATP for use by converting those other molecules for that purpose. Along the way, as NADH is produced, carbon dioxide is created as a waste product.
Oxygen is used as a receptor for electrons in aerobic respiration, as it makes a good receptor for electrons. Once the oxygen receives the electrons, it then converts them into water. This is done so that electrons do not build up in the ATP, which could cause problems. For cells that use anaerobic respiration instead of aerobic respiration, lactic acid is produced in the place of water.
What is Lactic Acid?
Lactic acid is a chemical structure made out of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a chain-like form. It is also known as milk acid. The related substance lactate is produced in the body during a chemical reaction, but lactic acid doesn’t form under such simple conditions.
Read more about Lactic Acid - How to Prevent Lactic Acid by 24 Hr Fitness
Read more about Lactic Acid - How to Prevent Lactic Acid by 24 Hr Fitness
In plant and animal cells, a process in which energy is released from food molecules such as glucose without requiring oxygen. Some aerobic plants and animals are able to use anaerobic respiration for short periods of time. For example, during a sprint, human muscles can respire anaerobically. Unfortunately, lactic acid is produced and accumulates until the muscles cannot continue working. Anaerobic respiration in humans is less efficient than aerobic respiration at releasing energy, but releases energy faster . This explains why humans can run faster in a sprint than over longer distances. When humans stop after a sprint, they have to continue breathing more heavily for a while. This is to take in ‘extra’ oxygen in order to break down the accumulated lactic acid on top of the ‘normal’ breakdown of sugar in aerobic respiration. The body is paying back the oxygen debt built up during the sprint. The process of anaerobic respiration for production of energy can occur in either of the ways represented below:Glucose (Broken down to) →Energy (ATP) + Ethanol + Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Glucose (Broken down to) →Energy (ATP) + Lactic acid
THE DIFFERENCE
>Aerobic Respiration
-Large amount of energy release
-No side effects
>Anaerobic Respiration
-Little amount of energy release
-Produce lactic acid
-Incomplete breakdown of Glucose+Oxygen
It should be noted that both aerobic and anaerobic respiration are capable of producing energy. Cells that even normally use aerobic respiration may be able to use the other form not requiring oxygen if needed. This can usually be done only for a short period of time, however.
New Information:
ReplyDeleteWhile lactic acid is usually in the form of C3H6O3,there are organisms that respire anaerobically which fail to grow in the presence of oxygen,known as obligate anaerobes.In the place of oxygen , these organisms use other gases such as nitrate,iron , mercury , carbon monoxide , etc. for electron receptors.While these receptors are effective,they produce less energy compared to oxygen respiration.
In my opinion, i think that the information is too long and some of it are a bit profound.
ReplyDeleteNew Information:
ReplyDeleteWhile lactic acid is usually in the form of C3H6O3,there are organisms that respire anaerobically which fail to grow in the presence of oxygen,known as obligate anaerobes.In the place of oxygen , these organisms use other gases such as nitrate,iron , mercury , carbon monoxide , etc. for electron receptors.While these receptors are effective,they produce less energy compared to oxygen respiration.